This review focuses on recent methods applied to extract silica and silicon (Si), a major semiconductor material, from different agricultural waste ashes and their application in solar cell nanotechnology.
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The silica obtained from rice husks can be extracted in several methods. One of those methods is digestion by strong bases. In this study, nanosilica material derived from rice
The production of electrical energy from solar energy through the photovoltaic method has become increasingly widespread throughout the world in the last 20 years. The
The solar cell is a device that can convert solar energy into electrical energy. The solar cell is promising energy because it is environmentally friendly compared to fossil fuel.
This review focuses on recent methods applied to extract silica and silicon (Si), a major semiconductor material, from different agricultural waste ashes and their application in solar
The first modern silicon solar cell was developed at Bell Laboratories in 1954 by Chapin, Fuller, and Pearson, and had an energy conversion efficiency of 6% 11. In the same year, a cadmium
The purpose of this research is to analyse the effect of acid concentration through the extract of silica in the rice husk via acid leaching treatment, due to silica as a raw material
Since, these ARCs must have a refractive index between glass'' and air''s, most of them are based on porous dielectric materials, such as silica (SiO 2 ), deposited by sol-gel [2]-
2. Autonomous solar energy systems. In remote areas or where there is no access to the electrical grid, gel batteries are essential for off-grid solar energy systems. These systems use solar energy as the primary source and
Recycling solar photovoltaic panels to recover materials, especially silicon, is a critical sustainability challenge. Recovering materials from waste for use in manufacturing new
Herein, a potential sustainable development idea was put forward to recover silicon materials from stripped discarded photovoltaic modules based on wet leaching and nano-metal catalyzed etching to prepare porous
way to manufacturing of solar cell panels. This is an example on value added by establishing a solar cells manufacturing plant, having annual production capacity of 200 MWp This requires
Klugmann-Radziemska, E.; Ostrowski, P. Chemical treatment of crystalline silicon solar cells as a method of recovering pure silicon from photovoltaic modules. Renew. Energy 2010, 35, 1751–1759.
On the other hand, silicon is included in the 2020 EU list of critical raw materials (Raw Materials Information System (europa.eu)); thus, the recovered silicon from PV waste panels would decrease the need for raw silicon extraction and improve the circularity of the European economy.
Silicon solar cells have higher photo-conversion efficiency due to the excellent quality of material utilised. Silicon solar cells have major advantages relevant for photovoltaic applications, such as low toxicity, abundant raw material, scalable solar cell fabrication processes (Yoshikawa et al. 2017).
Pyrolysis and gravimetric separation methods are the most effective, which recovered 91.42 %and 94.25 % silver from crystalline panels and 96.10% silver from CIS PV panels. Yang et al. (2017) used methane sulphonic acid (MSA) with an oxidation agent (hydrogen peroxide) to extract silver from photovoltaic panels.
A process based on nitric acid leaching and subsequent smelting is proposed for recycling silicon from waste photovoltaic modules . In most of the recycling process, first step is to remove EVA resin from PV module using either chemical etching or thermal treatment.
Chemical processes are mainly used to recover metal and semiconductor fraction. It is used to recover silver, aluminium and silicon wafer in Si type PV panels , , , . In this work, silica nanoparticles are recovered from discarded PV module using chemical and thermal treatment.
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