The "surprising" repurposing of combustion engine technology could enable efficient use of waste heat for electricity generation, according to two Swiss research institutes. Developed by experts at the Swiss Federal
In power generation, fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions would be reduced by electric power production from vehicle exhaust. Industrial waste-heat recovery systems could reduce emissions by providing
Many highly efficient industrial plants with cogeneration or combined cycle systems use a gas-turbine (essentially a jet engine) to generate electricity then create steam from the waste heat using a heat recovery steam generator
In view of the enthalpy content and distribution of the different sources of waste heat, low-grade/low-enthalpy sources below 200 °C are considered the most fertile field for research and development, with an
Liquid nitrogen of temperature 77 K was used in the experimental setup to absorb waste heat from the hot side of the TEG and dissipate it to the environment, achieving a larger
Diesel generators jacket water with the temperature of ~ 74–84 °C, mass flow rate of ~ 9.88–15.64 kg/s (depending on the engine load), and available thermal energy of ~
In the literature, there are some critical reviews about ORCs and the exploitation of alternative energy sources. Chan et al. (Chan et al., 2013) presented a review paper related
This paper proposes a novel and efficient utilization of gas turbine exhaust waste heat recovery (WHR) with the aim of generating electrical energy. The WHR is based on an air Brayton cycle
The efficiency of generating power from waste heat recovery is heavily dependent on the temperature of the waste heat source. In general, economically feasible power generation from waste heat has been limited primarily to medium- to high-temperature waste heat sources (i.e., greater than 500 °F).
Many highly efficient industrial plants with cogeneration or combined cycle systems use a gas-turbine (essentially a jet engine) to generate electricity then create steam from the waste heat using a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). This section will explain how this process works and how an HRSG comes into action.
Lower-temperature waste heat can be recovered from thermal systems and processes and converted to electricity using other technologies, such as the organic Rankine cycle coupled with turbines or reciprocating engines. This WHP configuration is also referred to as “bottoming cycle” CHP.
The amount of recoverable waste heat available at high temperatures (i.e., 450 °F or higher) in the United States is estimated to support 7,600 megawatts (MW) of electric generating capacity.5 ORC systems can produce electricity from lower temperature waste heat sources (i.e., less than 450 °F), but this potential has not yet been quantified.
Other processes include calciners, kilns, flares, incinerators, ovens, reciprocating engines, regenerative oxidizers, thermal oxidizers, and exhaust from petroleum refining. Capture and use of heat for a thermal purpose is classified as waste heat recovery, while capture and use of that heat to make electricity is WHP.
Using a principle similar to economizers, waste heat boilers recover heat generated in furnaces or exothermic chemical reactions at industrial plants. These locations may contain significant energy that should not be wasted up a stack. Instead, this energy can be captured to generate low-to-medium pressure steam in a waste heat boiler (WHB).
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